Textual Analysis

Textual analysis is the process of breaking down a text into its various elements and studying them to analyse how meaning is created. When analysing moving image media (such as film or television) we must examine the following areas:
* camerawork (shots, angles, movements)
* editing (how shots have been put together)
* sound (both digetic and non digetic)
* special effects (if there are any)
* mise-en-scene (costume, make-up, facial expression, props, setting, performance)


Wide shot/ establishing shot


Long shot


3/4 shot


Mid shot


Medium close up


Close up


Big close up


Extreme close up

Camera movements:
* crab - the camera moves sideways, like a crab does.
* pan - the camera stays in the same spot but pivots left or right
* tilt - the camera stays in the same spot but tilts up or down
* dolly - also known as tracking, the camera moves backwards or forwards
* stedicam - the camera is fixed and will not shake or wobble at all
* hand-held camera - the camera is hand-held